{"id":20932,"date":"2020-12-27T15:00:56","date_gmt":"2020-12-27T20:00:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/issues\/human-rights\/20932-the-1988-massacre-in-iran"},"modified":"2023-02-01T05:28:01","modified_gmt":"2023-02-01T04:28:01","slug":"the-1988-massacre-in-iran","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/","title":{"rendered":"Iran: The 1988 Massacre of 30,000 Political Prisoners"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Growing
In the 1988 massacre, more than 30,000 political prisoners, most of them members and supporters of the People’s Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI\/MEK), were executed by the Iranian regime.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

In the summer of 1988, the Iranian regime summarily and extra-judicially executed tens of thousands of political prisoners held in jails across Iran. The massacre was carried out on the basis of a fatwa by the regime\u2019s then-Supreme Leader Ruhollah Khomeini.<\/p>\n

This report is an excerpt of the second edition of a book titled \u201cA Crime Against Humanity\u201d. The book was published in August 2017 by the People\u2019s Mojahedin Organization of Iran<\/a> (PMOI-MEK<\/a>).<\/p>\n

The report also contains some of the new events related to the 1988 massacre of the political prisoners. The report consists of the following issues:<\/p>\n

A Crime Against Humanity<\/h3>\n

History and background of the 1988 Massacre<\/a><\/h3>\n

How the 1988 Massacre Started<\/a><\/h3>\n

Key Events of 1988 massacre of Political Prisoners in Iran<\/a><\/h3>\n

The 1988 Massacre Continued Till early 1989<\/a><\/h3>\n

The Names of 5,049 massacred MEK<\/a><\/h3>\n

The Hierarchy of the 1988 Massacre<\/a><\/h3>\n

Death Commissions<\/a><\/h3>\n

Official statements, confirming the mass executions of 1988<\/a><\/h3>\n

Mass graves in 36 cities<\/a><\/h3>\n

Photographs and Memoirs<\/a><\/h3>\n

Documents<\/a><\/h3>\n

International Condemnation of Iran\u2019s 1988 Massacre<\/a><\/h3>\n

A Crime Against Humanity<\/h2>\n

In the final days of July 1988, a massacre was orchestrated in the political prisons of Iran. The bloodbath was launched based on a dateless decree (fatwa<\/a>) with the stamp and signature of Khomeini, Supreme Leader and founder of the Islamic Republic. In 236 words, he signed the death sentences for all prisoners supporting the main opposition group, the People\u2019s Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI\/MEK):
\n\u201cThose who are in prisons throughout the country and remain steadfast in their support for the [PMOI\/MEK] are waging war on God and are condemned to execution…\u201d<\/p>\n

\"khomeini-decree-1988\"<\/p>\n

Khomeini\u2019s \u201cDeath Decree\u201d for mass executions of Iranian political prisoners in 1988<\/em><\/p>\n

Khomeini assigned the fates of those prisoners already sentenced to specific terms, who held fast to their beliefs, to three individuals who comprised what came to be known as the \u201cdeath committee\u201d in Tehran, and to similar committees in the provincial capitals. He demanded that \u201cThose who are making the decisions must not show any mercy, and be full of \u201canger and hatred\u201d and \u201cnot to hesitate\u201d, in carrying out the executions.<\/p>\n

\"death-commission\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Members of the death committee<\/em><\/p>\n

In a very short question and answer exchange lasting only a few minutes, the death committees first asked each prisoner to state his or her political affiliation. If they mentioned the name Mojahed (MEK), their fate was sealed and the questions would end. However, if the prisoner used the term \u201cMonafeq,\u201d meaning \u201chypocrite,\u201d the pejorative term used by Khomeini for the MEK, he or she was returned to the prison wards.
\nThese rushed interviews determined the death committee\u2019s decision as to whether the prisoner remained faithful to the MEK, and if she or he would be executed or not. All those declared loyalists were executed. Hastily carried out in the weeks of summer 1988, this process essentially emptied the prisons of the prisoners affiliated with MEK.<\/p>\n

Khomeini\u2019s heir protests haste of executions prisoners in the 1988 massacre<\/h3>\n

On August 9, 2016, relatives of Hossein-Ali Montazeri, Khomeini\u2019s former heir, published a shocking audio tape in which Montazeri\u00a0can be heard telling<\/a>\u00a0a meeting of members of the \u201cDeath Committee\u201d 28 years ago (August 15, 1988) that they are carrying out a crime against humanity. The Montazeri tape revealed new information about the scope and breadth of the massacre of political prisoners at the time. It has sent shockwaves in Iran and in particular among the regime\u2019s officials who had for more than two decades attempted to impose an absolute silence on the massacre.<\/p>\n

The clip also showed that the Iranian regime\u2019s leaders who held positions of power since the beginning of the regime\u2019s establishment must face justice for committing one of the most horrific crimes against humanity.<\/p>\n

In the audio tape, Hossein-Ali Montazeri, who was subsequently dismissed as the heir by Khomeini, for these very remarks, tells members of the \u201cdeath commission\u201d, Hossein-Ali Nayyeri, the regime\u2019s sharia judge, Morteza Eshraqi, the regime\u2019s prosecutor, Ebrahim Raeesi, deputy prosecutor, and Mostafa Pourmohammadi, representative of the Ministry of Intelligence and Security (MOIS), \u201cThe greatest crime committed during the reign of the Islamic Republic, for which history will condemn us, has been committed by you. Your (names) will in the future be etched in the annals of history as criminals.\u201d He adds, \u201cExecuting these people while there have been no new activities (by the prisoners) means that \u2026 the entire judicial system has been at fault.\u201d<\/p>\n

The Montazeri Tape<\/strong><\/p>\n

Khomeini required total conformity from the regime\u2019s officials<\/h3>\n

All officials of the regime at the time had to conform fully to this massacre or they would be sacked or deposed. Ayatollah Montazeri, who protested the massacre, fell from grace and was sacked by Khomeini in March 1989. Montazeri\u2019s memoirs in December 2000 and its shocking enclosures exposed the horrendous scale of the massacre. What gave weight to the revelations is that they were made by a man who was at the time of the executions the officially ordained successor to Khomeini and the second-highest authority in Iran. Yet when it came to massacring political prisoners, Khomeini showed no mercy to slightest nonconformity even by Montazeri.<\/p>\n

The waves of carnage<\/h3>\n

The carnage can be separated into several distinct waves. First, the extensive executions of MEK in Evin prison in Tehran and Gohardasht prison, located in the outskirts of Karaj, 40 km from the capital. These are considered the heart of the massacre in political terms, in that for various reasons, including their location allowing Iranian society to learn more about events than in other prisons, this wave of killings is the most well documented with information and confessions.
\nSecond, the executions which took place simultaneously in the political prisons of at least 100 other cities, as part of the purge of political prisoners nationwide. The information has not been obtained from a considerable number of those prisons.
\nThird, the executions of former political prisoners affiliated with the MEK who were not in prison when Khomeini\u2019s verdict was issued. They were rearrested and immediately sent to the gallows.
\nFourth, the executions of Marxist prisoners, killed based on Khomeini\u2019s fatwa or some other decree to which we still don\u2019t have access.
\nThe Marxist prisoners were summoned for interviews toward the end of August 1988. This time, each prisoner was questioned regarding his or her religious beliefs.
\nFifth, the executions targeting people not serving prison sentences, who had been arrested for their efforts to aid the National Liberation Army. After a few days of incarceration, they were executed on the orders of the kangaroo courts.
\nReports and evidence verify that the killings continued until the first months of 1989. Among the last victims were some of the prisoners whose political affiliation had not been determined, but who were killed on Khomeini\u2019s subsequent orders to the death committees.
\nThis massacre has been condemned as a crime against humanity by human rights advocates and NGO\u2019s worldwide. It is among the most important events during the rule of Khomeini and had a long-lasting and profound effect on the relationship of the regime and Iranian society.
\nThis report details what happened and who was responsible, revealing irrefutable evidence of the unchanging nature of the regime. Leaders of both the \u201chardliners\u201d and \u201creformists<\/a>\u201d either engaged or cooperated directly in the massacre or admitted knowledge of it. In fact, over the course of time, those responsible for the massacre received higher positions in the political hierarchy.
\nOne of the most odious examples is that of Ibrahim Raeisi<\/a>, one of the members of the death committee in Tehran. In 2015, Khamenei appointed him the custodian of the Astan-e Quds Razavi<\/a> Foundation, a multi-billion-dollar institution that administers the tomb of Imam Reza in Mashad. The appointment promoted him to a 4th or 5th level cleric, considered politically among the highest of the ruling theocracy. A year later, once again on the orders of Khamenei and with the full support of the Revolutionary Guards Corps, he was nominated as a presidential candidate. Public outrage denied him the presidency, but later he was chosen by Khamenei as the head of the regime\u2019s judiciary. He is also a member of the Expediency Council.<\/p>\n

Other members of the death committees also hold key positions in the judicial system and other of the regime\u2019s institutions.
\nPresident Hassan Rouhani\u2019s current judicial minister, Alireza Avail, was a member of the death committee in the southern province of Khuzestan. Before him, Mostafa Pour Mohammadi held the post for four years in Roujani\u2019s first administration; he was a member of the death committee in Tehran.
\nIn 2016 and 2017, questions about the 1988 massacre re-surfaced in the public outrage against Raeisi\u2019s candidacy, and a new justice movement was formed. Many officials and their accomplices forgot about their previous denials and began openly defending their roles in the killings. Included among them was Khamenei, who displayed no signs of regret. Quite the contrary, these public admissions only underscored the integral role the massacre had played in the make-up of the ruling regime.
\nEven though almost three decades have passed since the massacre, it does not belong to the past. It is strongly tied to the Iranian people\u2019s quest for freedom and is at the heart of the Resistance to bring the perpetrators of this crime against humanity to justice.<\/p>\n

History and background of the 1988 Massacre<\/a><\/h3>\n

How the 1988 Massacre Started<\/a><\/h3>\n

Key Events of 1988 massacre of Political Prisoners in Iran<\/a><\/h3>\n

The 1988 Massacre Continued Till early 1989<\/a><\/h3>\n

The Names of 5,049 massacred MEK<\/a><\/h3>\n

The Hierarchy of the 1988 Massacre<\/a><\/h3>\n

Death Commissions<\/a><\/h3>\n

Official statements, confirming the mass executions of 1988<\/a><\/h3>\n

Mass graves in 36 cities<\/a><\/h3>\n

Photographs and Memoirs<\/a><\/h3>\n

Documents<\/a><\/h3>\n

International Condemnation of Iran\u2019s 1988 Massacre<\/a><\/h3>\n

\"Weekly-Signe-up-logo-1\"<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In the summer of 1988, the Iranian regime summarily and extra-judicially executed tens of thousands of political prisoners held in jails across Iran. The massacre was carried out on the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":220195,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,284],"tags":[129,142,197,241],"class_list":{"0":"post-20932","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-human-rights","8":"category-iran-1988-massacre-of-political-prisoners","9":"tag-iran","10":"tag-1988-massacre","11":"tag-mek-iran","12":"tag-iran-massacre-1988"},"yoast_head":"\nIran: The 1988 Massacre of 30,000 Political Prisoners - NCRI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In the summer of 1988, the Iranian regime summarily and extra-judicially executed tens of thousands of political prisoners held in jails across Iran. The\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Iran: The 1988 Massacre of 30,000 Political Prisoners - NCRI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In the summer of 1988, the Iranian regime summarily and extra-judicially executed tens of thousands of political prisoners held in jails across Iran. The\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"NCRI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-12-27T20:00:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-02-01T04:28:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Iran-1988-Massacre-e1609168368834.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"333\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Staff Writer\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@iran_policy\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@iran_policy\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Staff Writer\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":[\"Article\",\"BlogPosting\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/news\\\/human-rights\\\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/news\\\/human-rights\\\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Staff Writer\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ed98db42da8577aea67046ab687f8a69\"},\"headline\":\"Iran: The 1988 Massacre of 30,000 Political Prisoners\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-12-27T20:00:56+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-01T04:28:01+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/news\\\/human-rights\\\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1641,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/news\\\/human-rights\\\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/06\\\/Iran-1988-Massacre-e1609168368834.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Iran\",\"1988 Massacre\",\"MEK-Iran\",\"Iran massacre 1988\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Iran Human Rights\",\"Iran 1988 Massacre-News And Articles\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/news\\\/human-rights\\\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/news\\\/human-rights\\\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\\\/\",\"name\":\"Iran: The 1988 Massacre of 30,000 Political Prisoners - NCRI\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/news\\\/human-rights\\\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/news\\\/human-rights\\\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/06\\\/Iran-1988-Massacre-e1609168368834.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-12-27T20:00:56+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-01T04:28:01+00:00\",\"description\":\"In the summer of 1988, the Iranian regime summarily and extra-judicially executed tens of thousands of political prisoners held in jails across Iran. The\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/news\\\/human-rights\\\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/news\\\/human-rights\\\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/news\\\/human-rights\\\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/06\\\/Iran-1988-Massacre-e1609168368834.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/06\\\/Iran-1988-Massacre-e1609168368834.jpg\",\"width\":500,\"height\":333,\"caption\":\"In the 1988 massacre, more than 30,000 political prisoners, most of them members and supporters of the People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI\\\/MEK), were executed by the Iranian regime.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/news\\\/human-rights\\\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Iran: The 1988 Massacre of 30,000 Political Prisoners\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"NCRI\",\"description\":\"Official website of the National Council of Resistance of Iran\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Official website of the National Council of Resistance of Iran\",\"alternateName\":\"Official website of the National Council of Resistance of Iran\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/01\\\/ncri-logo.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/01\\\/ncri-logo.jpg\",\"width\":402,\"height\":100,\"caption\":\"Official website of the National Council of Resistance of Iran\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/iran_policy\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ed98db42da8577aea67046ab687f8a69\",\"name\":\"Staff Writer\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/db69f6e8508e94cc75b7081d6f17c9ded7942d00226436d7aca31d003cba5525?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/db69f6e8508e94cc75b7081d6f17c9ded7942d00226436d7aca31d003cba5525?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/db69f6e8508e94cc75b7081d6f17c9ded7942d00226436d7aca31d003cba5525?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Staff Writer\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ncr-iran.org\\\/en\\\/author\\\/mostafa\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Iran: The 1988 Massacre of 30,000 Political Prisoners - NCRI","description":"In the summer of 1988, the Iranian regime summarily and extra-judicially executed tens of thousands of political prisoners held in jails across Iran. The","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Iran: The 1988 Massacre of 30,000 Political Prisoners - NCRI","og_description":"In the summer of 1988, the Iranian regime summarily and extra-judicially executed tens of thousands of political prisoners held in jails across Iran. The","og_url":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/","og_site_name":"NCRI","article_published_time":"2020-12-27T20:00:56+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-02-01T04:28:01+00:00","og_image":[{"width":500,"height":333,"url":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Iran-1988-Massacre-e1609168368834.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Staff Writer","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@iran_policy","twitter_site":"@iran_policy","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Staff Writer","Est. reading time":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":["Article","BlogPosting"],"@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/"},"author":{"name":"Staff Writer","@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ed98db42da8577aea67046ab687f8a69"},"headline":"Iran: The 1988 Massacre of 30,000 Political Prisoners","datePublished":"2020-12-27T20:00:56+00:00","dateModified":"2023-02-01T04:28:01+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/"},"wordCount":1641,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Iran-1988-Massacre-e1609168368834.jpg","keywords":["Iran","1988 Massacre","MEK-Iran","Iran massacre 1988"],"articleSection":["Iran Human Rights","Iran 1988 Massacre-News And Articles"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/","url":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/","name":"Iran: The 1988 Massacre of 30,000 Political Prisoners - NCRI","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Iran-1988-Massacre-e1609168368834.jpg","datePublished":"2020-12-27T20:00:56+00:00","dateModified":"2023-02-01T04:28:01+00:00","description":"In the summer of 1988, the Iranian regime summarily and extra-judicially executed tens of thousands of political prisoners held in jails across Iran. The","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Iran-1988-Massacre-e1609168368834.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Iran-1988-Massacre-e1609168368834.jpg","width":500,"height":333,"caption":"In the 1988 massacre, more than 30,000 political prisoners, most of them members and supporters of the People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI\/MEK), were executed by the Iranian regime."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/the-1988-massacre-in-iran\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Iran: The 1988 Massacre of 30,000 Political Prisoners"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/","name":"NCRI","description":"Official website of the National Council of Resistance of Iran","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/#organization","name":"Official website of the National Council of Resistance of Iran","alternateName":"Official website of the National Council of Resistance of Iran","url":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/ncri-logo.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/ncri-logo.jpg","width":402,"height":100,"caption":"Official website of the National Council of Resistance of Iran"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/x.com\/iran_policy"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ed98db42da8577aea67046ab687f8a69","name":"Staff Writer","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/db69f6e8508e94cc75b7081d6f17c9ded7942d00226436d7aca31d003cba5525?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/db69f6e8508e94cc75b7081d6f17c9ded7942d00226436d7aca31d003cba5525?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/db69f6e8508e94cc75b7081d6f17c9ded7942d00226436d7aca31d003cba5525?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Staff Writer"},"url":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/author\/mostafa\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20932","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20932"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20932\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/220195"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20932"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20932"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20932"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}