{"id":333790,"date":"2025-07-04T19:58:04","date_gmt":"2025-07-04T18:58:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/?p=333790"},"modified":"2025-07-05T16:53:51","modified_gmt":"2025-07-05T15:53:51","slug":"afghan-refugees-in-iran-from-shelter-to-scapegoat-in-the-regimes-security-state","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/human-rights\/afghan-refugees-in-iran-from-shelter-to-scapegoat-in-the-regimes-security-state\/","title":{"rendered":"Afghan Refugees in Iran: From Shelter to Scapegoat in the Regime&#8217;s Security State"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_312392\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-312392\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-312392\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/iran-afghan-refugees-1.jpg\" alt=\"The Iranian regime expels Afghan refugees with mistreatment and coercion\" width=\"1000\" height=\"562\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/iran-afghan-refugees-1.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/iran-afghan-refugees-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/iran-afghan-refugees-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/iran-afghan-refugees-1-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/iran-afghan-refugees-1-696x391.jpg 696w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-312392\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Iranian regime expels Afghan refugees with mistreatment and coercion<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Three-minute read<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"156\" data-end=\"610\">For over forty years, Iran served as a refuge for millions of Afghans fleeing war, repression, and poverty. They worked, studied, and lived alongside Iranians, often blending into the cities and industries they helped build. But that fragile coexistence is now collapsing. What began as a shared struggle has become a story of persecution, as the Iranian regime turns its repressive apparatus against one of the most vulnerable groups within its borders.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"612\" data-end=\"974\">The latest wave of deportations\u2014intensified during the regime\u2019s recent 12-day war\u2014exposes its disregard for humanitarian obligations and its readiness to scapegoat refugees amid mounting internal crises and global isolation. Far from an exception, the treatment of Afghan refugees reflects the regime\u2019s broader contempt for human rights, both at home and abroad.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mass Deportations Under the Guise of \u201cSecurity\u201d<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In the weeks following the ceasefire with Israel, the Iranian regime intensified its campaign of mass deportations. Interior Minister Eskandar Momeni proudly announced that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mashreghnews.ir\/news\/1729760\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">over 400,000 undocumented<\/a> Afghan nationals had already been \u201creturned\u201d in the first half of the year, with the full backing of the armed forces. Officials declared the complete closure of Iran&#8217;s eastern borders a top priority, citing vague \u201csecurity concerns\u201d and alleged infiltration by Afghan \u201cIsraeli spies.\u201d<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Iran?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Iran<\/a> News: <br \/>Clerical Regime Used 100,000 <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Afghan?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Afghan<\/a> Migrants to Boost Attendance at <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Raisi?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Raisi<\/a> Funeral, News Agency Admits<a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/UrGCrhTL9q\">https:\/\/t.co\/UrGCrhTL9q<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; NCRI-FAC (@iran_policy) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/iran_policy\/status\/1794254660934775272?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">May 25, 2024<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"65\" data-end=\"363\">In Tehran, the crackdown is unmistakable. Police checkpoints have proliferated in Afghan-majority neighborhoods, and public transport vehicles are now repurposed to ferry detained migrants to deportation hubs. The city\u2019s governor even boasted that arrests of undocumented nationals have quadrupled.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"365\" data-end=\"512\">While the regime claims these operations are carried out \u201cwith respect and human dignity,\u201d humanitarian accounts paint a starkly different picture.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"514\" data-end=\"923\">According to the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), <a href=\"https:\/\/news.un.org\/en\/story\/2025\/06\/1165111\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">over 70% of Afghan returnees<\/a> from Iran are forcibly expelled\u2014many of them women and children. Arafat Jamal, UNHCR\u2019s representative in Afghanistan, warned that border facilities are overwhelmed: \u201cSometimes up to five buses arrive at once from Iran, full of tired, disoriented, and hungry families. They are shocked by the treatment they\u2019ve received.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"925\" data-end=\"1244\">Deportees report abuse by Iranian border guards, seizure of personal belongings, and forced family separations. In June alone, more than 230,000 Afghans were pushed across the Dogharun\u2013Islam Qala crossing. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/rosa\/blog\/thousands-children-afghan-iran-border-need-urgent-help#:~:text=Over%20256%2C000%20Afghans%20returned%20from,5%2C000%20unaccompanied%20and%20separated%20children.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UNICEF estimates<\/a> that over 5,000 Afghan children have been separated from their families during these expulsions.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Iran?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Iran<\/a>: Zarif\u2019s Lies To Whitewash the Scandal Over Using Afghan Refugees in Iran as Cannon Fodder in the War in <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Syria?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Syria<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/LID75H74jm\">https:\/\/t.co\/LID75H74jm<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; NCRI-FAC (@iran_policy) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/iran_policy\/status\/1353325081045381122?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">January 24, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Many of these refugees had legal status or valid visas but found themselves swept up in the dragnet. Amid growing xenophobia, accusations of espionage and terrorism are now being casually thrown at refugees\u2014without evidence. State media and hardline officials have fueled this climate, urging Iranians to report undocumented Afghans and labeling entire communities as national security risks.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">From Guests to \u201cThreats\u201d<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">For decades, Iran&#8217;s Afghan population was portrayed by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tehrantimes.com\/news\/500060\/Iran-s-generous-support-for-refugees\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">state propaganda<\/a> as symbolic of the regime\u2019s generosity. In schools, on construction sites, and in marketplaces, Afghan refugees quietly formed the backbone of Iran\u2019s labor force. Their children sat next to Iranian children in classrooms.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">But after years of economic mismanagement, crippling inflation, and international sanctions, the regime now sees this same population as a liability\u2014economically, politically, and demographically. The once-tolerant rhetoric of \u201cbrotherhood\u201d has been replaced by concerns about \u201csocial disorder,\u201d \u201cdemographic imbalance,\u201d and \u201ccultural threats.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Officials now claim Afghan birth rates <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tabnak.ir\/fa\/news\/1260176\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">are dangerously higher<\/a> than those of Iranian citizens. Parliamentary members speak of \u201cAfghan-occupied neighborhoods\u201d and warn that cities like Tehran, Isfahan, and Mashhad are becoming \u201cunrecognizable.\u201d Popular media outlets\u2014especially regime-aligned ones\u2014echo this narrative, painting refugees as criminals or foreign agents.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">A municipally agent from Abdan, in <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Iran?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Iran<\/a>\u2019s southern Bushehr Province, was caught on video beating an Afghan immigrant child who was working as a street vendor on Saturday, July 20.<a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/lDb9QFMi9Y\">https:\/\/t.co\/lDb9QFMi9Y<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/ZE8BpSRN2Y\">pic.twitter.com\/ZE8BpSRN2Y<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; NCRI-FAC (@iran_policy) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/iran_policy\/status\/1153568629293821952?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 23, 2019<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Legal Cover for Repression<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"85\" data-end=\"381\">To legitimize the crackdown, the regime has established a \u201cNational Immigration Organization\u201d to centralize control over migrants. New rules threaten employers of undocumented Afghans with fines, criminalize visa overstays beyond six months, and restrict legal residency to six narrow categories.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"383\" data-end=\"613\">But behind this bureaucratic facade lies a deeper injustice. Most Afghan refugees in Iran are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/society\/iranian-government-fuels-anti-refugee-sentiment-amid-growing-domestic-problems\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">second or third generation<\/a>, fluent in Persian and raised in Iranian society\u2014yet still denied citizenship, legal jobs, or banking access.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"615\" data-end=\"842\">Many fled Taliban rule seeking education for their daughters. Now, even those with legal status face deportation as visas go unrenewed. Children who came for schooling are being sent back to a country where they have no future.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">More <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/%E2%80%8CIran?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#\u200cIran<\/a> Regime&#39;s Militants Die in <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Syria?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Syria<\/a><br \/>Five fighters from the Iran-backed <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Afghan?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Afghan<\/a> Fatimioun militia have been killed in Syria, whilst fighting on behalf of the Bashar Assad dictatorship&#8230; <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/3oVJuYJ4MF\">https:\/\/t.co\/3oVJuYJ4MF<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/HRxff2ylvf\">pic.twitter.com\/HRxff2ylvf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; NCRI-FAC (@iran_policy) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/iran_policy\/status\/974664258888912902?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">March 16, 2018<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">A Pattern of Injustice<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"107\" data-end=\"388\">The regime\u2019s mistreatment of Afghan refugees is part of a larger pattern. At home, it jails protesters, executes dissidents, and targets minorities. Abroad, it fuels proxy wars from Yemen to Lebanon. Now, it directs that same cruelty at refugees who sought only safety and dignity.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"390\" data-end=\"634\">Scapegoating Afghans serves a cynical purpose: to deflect from the regime\u2019s own failures\u2014economic collapse, political disarray, and rising unrest. By labeling refugees as \u201cspies\u201d or \u201cthreats,\u201d the state disguises repression as national defense.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Afghan?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Afghan<\/a> MPs and Officials Oppose Presence of Afghan Militants in <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Iran?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Iran<\/a>&#39;s Terrorist Quds Force <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/RmxPWpZHrF\">https:\/\/t.co\/RmxPWpZHrF<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/mCOq9nLqE2\">pic.twitter.com\/mCOq9nLqE2<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; NCRI-FAC (@iran_policy) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/iran_policy\/status\/936003985521160193?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">November 29, 2017<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">A Crisis Without Resolution<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The UN estimates that more than one million Afghans have been expelled from Iran and Pakistan in 2025 alone. Iran\u2019s regime continues to expand walls, surveillance systems, and armed patrols along its eastern frontier.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">With more than <a href=\"https:\/\/iwpr.net\/global-voices\/iran-hatred-towards-afghans-has-grown-so-much\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">six million Afghans<\/a> still estimated to live in Iran, the crisis shows no sign of slowing. But the regime\u2019s approach is not one of resolution, only repression.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">What we are witnessing is not the collapse of a policy, but the collapse of a moral principle: the idea that human dignity transcends borders.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Three-minute read For over forty years, Iran served as a refuge for millions of Afghans fleeing war, repression, and poverty. They worked, studied, and lived alongside Iranians, often blending into [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":69,"featured_media":312392,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[276],"class_list":["post-333790","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-human-rights","tag-iran-human-rights"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Afghan Refugees in Iran: From Shelter to Scapegoat in the Regime&#039;s Security State - NCRI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Three-minute read For over forty years, Iran served as a refuge for millions of Afghans fleeing war, repression, and poverty. 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