{"id":339397,"date":"2025-11-15T18:00:03","date_gmt":"2025-11-15T17:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/?p=339397"},"modified":"2025-11-16T16:26:21","modified_gmt":"2025-11-16T15:26:21","slug":"free-iran-convention-highlights-iranian-women-as-the-vanguard-of-democratic-change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/iran-resistance\/free-iran-convention-highlights-iranian-women-as-the-vanguard-of-democratic-change\/","title":{"rendered":"Free Iran Convention Highlights Iranian Women as the Vanguard of Democratic Change"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_339398\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-339398\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-339398 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Second-panel-at-Free-Iran-2025-first-panel-15112025.png\" alt=\"Panelists Hannane Amanpour, Dr. Azadeh Sami, Dr. Azadeh Zangeneh, and moderator Dr. Ramesh Sepehrrad discuss the leadership and legacy of Iranian women in the struggle for a free and democratic Iran\u2014 November 15, 2025\" width=\"1000\" height=\"565\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Second-panel-at-Free-Iran-2025-first-panel-15112025.png 1000w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Second-panel-at-Free-Iran-2025-first-panel-15112025-300x170.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Second-panel-at-Free-Iran-2025-first-panel-15112025-768x434.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Second-panel-at-Free-Iran-2025-first-panel-15112025-743x420.png 743w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Second-panel-at-Free-Iran-2025-first-panel-15112025-150x85.png 150w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Second-panel-at-Free-Iran-2025-first-panel-15112025-696x393.png 696w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-339398\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Panelists Hannane Amanpour, Dr. Azadeh Sami, Dr. Azadeh Zangeneh, and moderator Dr. Ramesh Sepehrrad discuss the leadership and legacy of Iranian women in the struggle for a free and democratic Iran\u2014 November 15, 2025<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">WASHINGTON, DC \u2014 The second major session of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncrius.org\/free-iran-convention-2025.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Free Iran Convention 2025<\/a>, titled \u201cIranian Women and the Legacy of Resistance,\u201d examined how women have emerged as the decisive force shaping Iran\u2019s democratic movement. Building on more than a century of struggle and four decades of organized resistance, the panel explored how Iranian women\u2014long targeted by discrimination, repression, and state-sanctioned violence\u2014have transformed themselves into architects of strategy, organization, and leadership within the opposition. Featuring accomplished professionals and human-rights advocates, the session focused on how women\u2019s resilience, sacrifice, and vision have positioned them at the center of the fight for a democratic, secular, and non-nuclear Iran.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"1213\" data-end=\"1926\">Panel moderator <strong data-start=\"1229\" data-end=\"1253\">Dr. Ramesh Sepehrrad<\/strong>, a leading scholar-practitioner in cybersecurity, Iran policy, and democratic movements, opened <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncrius.org\/panel-2-iranian-women-and-the-legacy-of-resistance.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the second session<\/a> by emphasizing that Iranian women\u2019s rise to leadership is not spontaneous but the product of \u201cmore than a hundred years\u201d of struggle. Praising the NCRI for hosting the convention, she rooted today\u2019s women-led resistance in a long historical arc dating back to the 1906 Constitutional Revolution, when women were denied full citizenship under Article Two. \u201cIranian women have been at this fight for a long time,\u201d she said, noting that under both the Pahlavi monarchy and the current theocracy, repression only \u201cevolved,\u201d becoming more sophisticated and more brutal.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"1928\" data-end=\"2357\">Referencing the 2022 uprising sparked by the <a href=\"https:\/\/amnesty.ca\/human-rights-news\/what-happened-to-jina-mahsa-amini\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">killing of Mahsa \u201cJina\u201d Amini<\/a>, Dr. Sepehrrad cautioned against viewing women\u2019s participation as an overnight development. Instead, she described decades of groundwork that enabled women and youth to become a \u201cdecisive force for change\u2014one that is truly inclusive.\u201d She emphasized that women from every nationality\u2014Azeri, Kurd, Baluchi, Lur, Turk\u2014are represented in the resistance\u2019s ranks.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"2359\" data-end=\"2702\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">Dr. Sepehrrad highlighted the MEK and the NCRI women\u2019s leadership culture, stressing that discipline, strategy, and clarity have guided the movement despite severe repression. \u201cNo other country has executed more women than the Iranian regime,\u201d she noted. \u201cBut Iranian women are not giving up\u2014they are organized, resilient, and they have a leader.\u201d<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">At <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/FreeIranConvention2025?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#FreeIranConvention2025<\/a> Panel 2, Hannane Amanpour, Esq., Dr. Azadeh Sami, Dr. Ramesh Sepehrrad  and Dr. Azadeh Zangeneh showed how 100+ years of Iranian women\u2019s struggle has evolved into today\u2019s women-led MEK\/NCRI movement: confronting state-encoded misogyny, turning\u2026 <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/RXRiF3ppnR\">pic.twitter.com\/RXRiF3ppnR<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; NCRI-U.S. Rep Office (@NCRIUS) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/NCRIUS\/status\/1989753859288530953?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">November 15, 2025<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"94\" data-end=\"602\"><strong>Dr.<\/strong> <strong data-start=\"98\" data-end=\"113\">Azadeh Sami<\/strong>, a board-certified pediatrician with a background in public health and long-standing human-rights advocacy, traced the ascendance of Iranian women\u2019s leadership to a century of systemic repression that ultimately produced an organized, resilient resistance. \u201cWomen\u2019s leadership did not come without struggle, and it certainly did not come overnight,\u201d she began, stressing that any serious analysis must start with the patterns of oppression that shaped Iranian women\u2019s political awakening.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"604\" data-end=\"1136\">She explained that under the monarchy, elite women enjoyed selective visibility while politically engaged women were subjected to surveillance, arrest, torture, and exile. The clerical regime then institutionalized misogyny, establishing <a href=\"https:\/\/wncri.org\/2025\/03\/07\/hijab-law-209-lawmakers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201ccompulsory hijab<\/a>, discriminatory family laws, and gender apartheid\u201d as instruments of political control. From the earliest years, she said, the theocracy \u201cimprisoned, tortured, executed, and massacred women\u201d precisely because it understood that \u201cwomen\u2019s emancipation means the end of tyranny.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"1138\" data-end=\"1575\">These pressures, Dr. Sami argued, pushed women toward the organized resistance\u2014particularly the MEK\u2014in large numbers beginning in the early 1980s. Despite cultural backlash at home, they persisted and gradually entered leadership ranks. The MEK, she noted, created a formal emancipatory leadership framework that placed qualified women in strategic and operational roles, producing \u201cthe longest-running women-led movement in the region.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"1577\" data-end=\"1903\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">Today, she said, women form a decisive core of <a href=\"https:\/\/english.mojahedin.org\/iranian-resistance-units\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Resistance Units<\/a> inside Iran and a multigenerational force across the diaspora. \u201cSystemic oppression allowed the leaders to emerge,\u201d she concluded, adding that the MEK provided the structure to empower them\u2014an egalitarian model practiced \u201cnot just in theory, but in reality.\u201d<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">At <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/FreeIranConvention2025?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#FreeIranConvention2025<\/a>, Dr. <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/zads24418?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@zads24418<\/a> shows how the 2017, 2019 &amp; 2022 uprisings in all 31 provinces shattered myths of \u201creform\u201d or regime support. With MEK Resistance Units driving tens of thousands of acts of defiance &amp; elections boycotted, Iran is in permanent revolt for a\u2026 <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/LwDa1VHbxz\">pic.twitter.com\/LwDa1VHbxz<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; NCRI-U.S. Rep Office (@NCRIUS) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/NCRIUS\/status\/1989743018098782496?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">November 15, 2025<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"111\" data-end=\"840\">Attorney <strong data-start=\"120\" data-end=\"140\">Hannane Amanpour<\/strong>, a specialist in family and domestic relations law and a long-time advocate for women\u2019s rights, described Iran\u2019s gender inequality as \u201ccompletely by design,\u201d rooted directly in the constitution under <em data-start=\"341\" data-end=\"358\">Velayat-e Faqih<\/em>. She explained that the Islamic Republic is \u201cfounded on gender-segregated law,\u201d denying women equal rights both privately and publicly. In personal matters\u2014marriage, divorce, custody, inheritance\u2014\u201cwomen\u2019s rights are denied to them,\u201d she said. In public life, they are barred from the presidency, the judiciary, and positions of real power. None of this is accidental, she stressed: \u201cThe regime intended in its constitution to keep women from having any equal rights under the law.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"842\" data-end=\"1215\">Yet, she added, women have continually pushed themselves to the front lines of resistance. Within the MEK, she noted, a \u201cbrilliant model\u201d emerged in 1985 when women began assuming senior political and organizational roles, culminating in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.maryam-rajavi.com\/en\/biography\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Maryam Rajavi<\/a> becoming NCRI President-elect in 1993. This, she said, demonstrates the \u201cpotential for Iran after democratic transition.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"1217\" data-end=\"1737\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">But such progress has come at great cost. Women MEK members are \u201croutinely demonized\u201d and singled out for attack. The regime\u2019s most cynical tactic, she said, is portraying politically active women\u2014especially mothers\u2014as abandoning their families. This stands in stark contrast to how women in other anti-authoritarian movements, from South Africa to Ukraine, are celebrated. \u201cThere is absolutely a double standard,\u201d she concluded, underscoring that women\u2019s rights are not secondary but central to Iran\u2019s freedom struggle.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Despite the oppression of the women in Iran, they are at the forefront of this revolution.<\/p>\n<p>Panel 2 | <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/FreeIranConvention2025?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#FreeIranConvention2025<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/k42EmqhGHg\">pic.twitter.com\/k42EmqhGHg<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; OIAC: Organization of Iranian American Communities (@OrgIAC) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/OrgIAC\/status\/1989722661304353236?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">November 15, 2025<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<article class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none [--shadow-height:45px] has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none has-data-writing-block:-mt-(--shadow-height) has-data-writing-block:pt-(--shadow-height) [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto [content-visibility:auto] supports-[content-visibility:auto]:[contain-intrinsic-size:auto_100lvh] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-turn-id=\"request-WEB:9615921b-946d-4a13-a777-b4b9fe2848b8-14\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-26\" data-scroll-anchor=\"true\" data-turn=\"assistant\">\n<div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:--spacing(4)] thread-sm:[--thread-content-margin:--spacing(6)] thread-lg:[--thread-content-margin:--spacing(16)] px-(--thread-content-margin)\">\n<div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] thread-lg:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col grow\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"acffc97a-1511-4746-b287-f98d79ab6811\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-1-instant\">\n<div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[1px]\">\n<div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert w-full break-words light markdown-new-styling\">\n<p data-start=\"102\" data-end=\"761\">Dr. <strong data-start=\"106\" data-end=\"125\">Azadeh Zangeneh<\/strong>, an internal medicine physician and advocate for women\u2019s rights, grounded her remarks in personal experience. Though raised in the United States, she described being uprooted as a young teenager and placed into an all-girls middle school in Iran\u2014an abrupt immersion that revealed \u201chow prominent the repression is.\u201d In Iran, she said, repression is not theoretical: \u201cEvery decision they make, every move they make, every choice that they make, they are under severe repression.\u201d Coming from a society where freedom shaped her daily life, she recalled the shock of entering a world where \u201cgirls didn\u2019t even grasp the concept of freedom.\u201d<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"763\" data-end=\"1373\">Zangeneh linked these experiences to a broader historical truth: Iranian women have been the backbone of every major movement for change\u2014from the 1906 Constitutional Revolution to struggles against the monarchy, <a href=\"https:\/\/english.mojahedin.org\/article\/the-history-of-irans-justice-seeking-movement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the 1980s crackdowns<\/a>, and today\u2019s uprisings. \u201cWomen have led these revolutions,\u201d she said, emphasizing that the MEK\u2019s women-led model is not symbolic but a continuation of generations of female leadership. Within the MEK, women have long held \u201coperational, strategic roles requiring discipline, sacrifice, and vision,\u201d breaking Iran\u2019s political glass ceiling through intentional, structural change.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1375\" data-end=\"1724\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">When asked what keeps Iranian women going, Zangeneh said it is the combination of \u201ctheir lived truth and a lived example.\u201d They know the injustice because they experience it daily, but they also see leadership modeled before them. \u201cClarity about the present and confidence in a different future,\u201d she said, is what fuels their endurance and courage.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"z-0 flex min-h-[46px] justify-start\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-339403\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Free-Iran-Convention-2025-Panel-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"540\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Free-Iran-Convention-2025-Panel-2.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Free-Iran-Convention-2025-Panel-2-300x162.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Free-Iran-Convention-2025-Panel-2-768x415.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Free-Iran-Convention-2025-Panel-2-778x420.jpg 778w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Free-Iran-Convention-2025-Panel-2-150x81.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Free-Iran-Convention-2025-Panel-2-696x376.jpg 696w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"mt-3 w-full empty:hidden\">\n<div class=\"text-center\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<div class=\"pointer-events-none h-px w-px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-edge=\"true\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"80\">Q&amp;A: Hijab, Choice, and the Meaning of Women\u2019s Resistance<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"82\" data-end=\"450\">During the panel\u2019s Q&amp;A, the discussion shifted to one of the most politically exploited issues in debates about Iranian women: the hijab. Moderator <strong data-start=\"230\" data-end=\"254\">Dr. Ramesh Sepehrrad<\/strong> framed the topic as fundamentally about personal freedom, condemning both the regime and its revisionist allies for weaponizing the issue to undermine women in the MEK and the broader resistance.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"452\" data-end=\"1064\"><strong data-start=\"452\" data-end=\"471\">Dr. Azadeh Sami<\/strong> emphasized that the hijab debate has \u201cnever been about the fabric itself,\u201d but about <em data-start=\"557\" data-end=\"586\">choice and political agency<\/em>. She reminded the audience that both the Shah\u2019s forced unveiling in 1936 and the clerical regime\u2019s compulsory veiling four decades later shared the same logic: denying women the right to decide for themselves. \u201cIranian women are not debating dress codes,\u201d she said. \u201cThey are challenging state compulsion in all its forms.\u201d Citing Maryam Rajavi, she highlighted the movement\u2019s guiding principle: \u201cNo to compulsory hijab, no to compulsory religion, no to compulsory government.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"1066\" data-end=\"1510\">Attorney <strong data-start=\"1075\" data-end=\"1095\">Hannane Amanpour<\/strong> expanded on this point, calling the public misunderstanding of \u201cWomen, Resistance, Freedom\u201d as an anti-hijab slogan deeply inaccurate. Hijab, she argued, \u201cis meant to be a tool of empowerment,\u201d but only when freely chosen. Compulsion\u2014whether to wear it or remove it\u2014strips it of meaning. \u201cThere is absolutely no conflict,\u201d she said, \u201cbetween my sister who chooses to wear hijab and my sister who chooses not to.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-start=\"1512\" data-end=\"1746\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">When asked to describe the legacy of Iranian women\u2019s resistance in one word, Amanpour chose <strong data-start=\"1604\" data-end=\"1621\">\u201cunwavering,\u201d<\/strong> and Dr. Sami chose <strong data-start=\"1641\" data-end=\"1656\">\u201cfearless,\u201d<\/strong> underscoring the resilience and courage that continue to drive Iran\u2019s women-led movement.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>WASHINGTON, DC &mdash; The second major session of the Free Iran Convention 2025, titled &ldquo;Iranian Women and the Legacy of Resistance,&rdquo; examined how women have emerged as the decisive force [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":339398,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,5489],"tags":[222],"class_list":{"0":"post-339397","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-iran-resistance","8":"category-free-iran-2025-latest-articles","9":"tag-iranian-resistance"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Free Iran Convention Highlights Iranian Women as the Vanguard of Democratic Change - NCRI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"WASHINGTON, DC \u2014 The second major session of the Free Iran Convention 2025, titled \u201cIranian Women and the Legacy of Resistance,\u201d examined how women have\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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