{"id":343886,"date":"2026-03-29T17:47:38","date_gmt":"2026-03-29T16:47:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/?p=343886"},"modified":"2026-03-29T17:59:12","modified_gmt":"2026-03-29T16:59:12","slug":"why-irans-next-uprising-is-building-beneath-the-war","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/iran-protests\/why-irans-next-uprising-is-building-beneath-the-war\/","title":{"rendered":"Why Iran&#8217;s Next Uprising Is Building Beneath the War"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_342715\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-342715\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-342715 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/isfahan-ceremony-for-martyrs-17022026.jpg\" alt=\"Feb. 17, 2026 \u2014 Najafabad, Isfahan Province: On the 40th day since the uprising\u2019s dead, mourners gather to honor them and renew demands for accountability\" width=\"1000\" height=\"563\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/isfahan-ceremony-for-martyrs-17022026.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/isfahan-ceremony-for-martyrs-17022026-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/isfahan-ceremony-for-martyrs-17022026-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/isfahan-ceremony-for-martyrs-17022026-746x420.jpg 746w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/isfahan-ceremony-for-martyrs-17022026-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/isfahan-ceremony-for-martyrs-17022026-696x392.jpg 696w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-342715\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Feb. 17, 2026 \u2014 Najafabad, Isfahan Province: On the 40th day since the uprising\u2019s dead, mourners gather to honor them and renew demands for accountability<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0Four-minute read<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<h2>A Silence Imposed by War<\/h2>\n<p>Iran today may appear quieter than during previous waves of protests, but this quiet is neither organic nor durable. It is imposed by war. Under conditions of aerial bombardment and heightened military alert, the basic mechanics of protest collapse. Civilians avoid gathering not out of consent, but because proximity to state facilities\u2014often targets\u2014carries mortal risk. At the same time, the state\u2019s security apparatus <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euronews.com\/2026\/03\/06\/iran-security-forces-issue-shoot-to-kill-orders-escalating-crackdown-amid-growing-unrest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">operates with expanded latitude<\/a>: dissent is more easily framed as collaboration with foreign enemies, and security forces, alongside aligned militias, respond with force that is both immediate and less restrained.<\/p>\n<p>This creates a forced stillness. It is not that grievances have diminished; it is that the cost of expressing them has sharply increased. Society is not stabilizing\u2014it is compressing.<\/p>\n<h2>Economic Breakdown at the Household Level<\/h2>\n<p>Beneath this enforced calm lies an economy that has become structurally unsustainable for large segments of the population. Inflation has remained persistently elevated, with official rates around 40\u201345% through 2025, while food inflation has surged to approximately 70% year-on-year in several reporting periods. These figures are critical because food constitutes a disproportionate share of household expenditure for lower- and middle-income families.<\/p>\n<p>The national currency has deteriorated dramatically, reaching roughly 1.4 to 1.45 million rials per US dollar by late 2025, representing a loss of more than half its value within a year. This has cascading effects: imports become prohibitively expensive, domestic production costs rise, and price volatility becomes entrenched.<\/p>\n<p>Wages have not kept pace. Official minimum wage adjustments have<a href=\"https:\/\/irannewswire.org\/iran-44-percent-inflation-middle-class-2026\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> lagged far behind inflation<\/a>, covering only about 25\u201330% of estimated living costs. In practical terms, a full-time worker can no longer secure basic subsistence through formal employment alone. This is the defining feature of Iran\u2019s current economic condition: the normalization of the working poor.<\/p>\n<p>Unemployment figures, often cited at around 7\u20138% officially, obscure deeper structural issues. Youth unemployment remains significantly higher\u201415\u201320% overall, and up to 30\u201335% among young women\u2014while labor force participation hovers near 40\u201341%, reflecting widespread discouragement and withdrawal from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.france24.com\/en\/tv-shows\/business\/20260303-can-iran-s-economy-survive-if-the-war-drags-on\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">formal economy<\/a>. It is obvious that the war has only worsened this situation.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">A Nation on the Brink: <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Iran?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Iran<\/a>\u2019s Economy Nears Total Breakdown<a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/vGWSKMuzub\">https:\/\/t.co\/vGWSKMuzub<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; NCRI-FAC (@iran_policy) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/iran_policy\/status\/1931982986250973468?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 9, 2025<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Crisis of Unpaid Wages and Pensions<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">If inflation erodes income, delayed or unpaid wages eliminate it altogether. Across 2025, reports of salary arrears became systemic rather than exceptional. Workers in multiple sectors\u2014from industrial plants to hospitals\u2014reported delays of one to three months or more. In October 2025, hospital staff in several regions were documented as being unpaid for extended periods, prompting organized protests.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/iran-protests\/irans-retirees-betrayed-by-regime-corruption-pushed-into-poverty\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Retirees have become<\/a> one of the most persistent protest groups. Pension payments, even when delivered, have been rendered insufficient by inflation. Demonstrations by retirees across cities from the south in Ahvaz to the north in Rasht have focused on a simple demand: survival with dignity.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">February 8\u2014Shush, southwest Iran<br \/>Retirees of the Social Security Organization resume their protest rallies, demanding higher pensions and access to basic services. Protesters held a minute of silence for the martyrs of the recent uprising.<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/IranProtests?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#IranProtests<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/9qcqh3Hh2P\">pic.twitter.com\/9qcqh3Hh2P<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; People&#39;s Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI\/MEK) (@Mojahedineng) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Mojahedineng\/status\/2020595213652430997?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">February 8, 2026<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Infrastructure Failure and Daily Disruption<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Parallel to the economic crisis is a visible and increasingly disruptive failure in infrastructure and resource management. Despite possessing some of the world\u2019s largest natural gas reserves, Iran has faced recurrent gas shortages, forcing industrial shutdowns, including in major sectors such as steel production in late 2025. Electricity outages have compounded these disruptions, affecting both households and economic activity.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Water scarcity has reached critical levels in multiple provinces. Protests in regions such as Bushehr and Khuzestan have been driven by acute shortages, while experts within Iran have described the situation as approaching<a href=\"https:\/\/www.atlanticcouncil.org\/blogs\/menasource\/how-irans-water-bankruptcy-seeped-into-the-protest-movement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> \u201cwater bankruptcy\u201d<\/a>\u2014a structural imbalance between supply and demand resulting from years of mismanagement and overuse.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Environmental degradation adds another layer of strain. Air pollution in major urban centers has reached hazardous levels, while industrial and mining activities have contributed to long-term ecological damage. These are not distant or abstract concerns; they are daily realities that directly affect health, livelihoods, and quality of life.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Why <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Iran?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Iran<\/a> Is Running Out of Water, Power \u2014 and Patience<a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/9ZghlJCNpO\">https:\/\/t.co\/9ZghlJCNpO<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; NCRI-FAC (@iran_policy) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/iran_policy\/status\/1955741797516501390?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">August 13, 2025<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">A Society Converging in Discontent<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">What makes the current situation particularly volatile is the breadth of those affected. Iran\u2019s unrest is no longer confined to specific social groups. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/latest\/campaigns\/2026\/01\/what-happened-at-the-protests-in-iran\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The 2026 January uprising<\/a> began with bazaar merchants\u2014traditionally cautious and often aligned with stability\u2014and quickly expanded to include workers, retirees, students, and all sectors of society.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Demonstrations spread across major urban centers\u2014Tehran, Isfahan, Shiraz, Mashhad\u2014as well as smaller cities, indicating a nationwide pattern rather than localized unrest. This convergence across classes and regions marks a critical shift. Grievances are no longer experienced in isolation; they are shared across society.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">When dissatisfaction reaches this level of diffusion, it becomes structurally embedded. The question is no longer whether unrest will occur, but how it will manifest when conditions permit.<\/p>\n<div class=\"lyte-wrapper\" title=\"How PMOI Resistance Units are answering the NCRI&rsquo;s call for a new Iran\" style=\"width:853px;max-width:100%;margin:5px;\"><div class=\"lyMe\" id=\"WYL__IizVzTq3Gg\" itemprop=\"video\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"><div><meta itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2F_IizVzTq3Gg%2Fhqdefault.jpg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"embedURL\" content=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_IizVzTq3Gg\" \/><meta itemprop=\"duration\" content=\"PT3M44S\" \/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2026-03-10T10:06:07Z\" \/><\/div><div id=\"lyte__IizVzTq3Gg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2F_IizVzTq3Gg%2Fhqdefault.jpg\" class=\"pL\"><div class=\"tC\"><div class=\"tT\" itemprop=\"name\">How PMOI Resistance Units are answering the NCRI\u2019s call for a new Iran<\/div><\/div><div class=\"play\"><\/div><div class=\"ctrl\"><div class=\"Lctrl\"><\/div><div class=\"Rctrl\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/_IizVzTq3Gg\" rel=\"nofollow\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/wp-content\/plugins\/wp-youtube-lyte\/lyteCache.php?origThumbUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2F_IizVzTq3Gg%2F0.jpg\" alt=\"How PMOI Resistance Units are answering the NCRI&rsquo;s call for a new Iran\" width=\"853\" height=\"460\" \/><br \/>Watch this video on YouTube<\/a><\/noscript><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"On February 28, 2026, the National Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI) announced the formation of a Provisional Government, providing a clear roadmap to transfer sovereignty back to the Iranian people. Simultaneously, the network of the People&#039;s Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI) inside the country, the Resistance Units, took to the streets, projecting a powerful message of readiness and defiance. Welcoming the NCRI\u2019s announcement regarding the provisional government for the establishment of a democratic republic, Resistance Units carried out 31 daring operations across Tehran and 18 other cities, including Karaj, Mashhad, Tabriz, Isfahan, Shiraz, and Ahvaz. These operations systematically targeted the regime&#039;s centers of suppression, corruption, and propaganda. *** Content on the PMOI\/MEK&#039;s official YouTube channel is not subject to copyright if the source is mentioned ***\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"lL\" style=\"max-width:100%;width:853px;margin:5px;\"><\/div><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Repression Without Resolution<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The state\u2019s response has relied heavily on coercion. During the 2025\u20132026 protest wave, security forces were instructed to suppress unrest \u201cby any necessary means,\u201d resulting in mass arrests and reports of lethal force. Internet shutdowns and information controls have been used systematically to limit coordination and visibility.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Under wartime conditions, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newarab.com\/news\/iran-kills-militants-arrests-dozens-security-crackdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">these mechanisms intensify<\/a>. The threshold for repression lowers, and the justification broadens. Dissent is more easily equated with disloyalty, and enforcement becomes more aggressive.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Yet repression operates within clear limits. It can reduce the visibility of protest, but it cannot address inflation, restore purchasing power, resolve water shortages, or pay wages. These underlying pressures continue to accumulate, even in the absence of visible unrest.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">January 21, 2026 \u2013 As the nationwide uprising in <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Iran?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Iran<\/a> reaches its 25th consecutive day, the clerical regime has intensified its crackdown, deploying military convoys to crush protests while maintaining a total internet blackout. Read more:<a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/SHtBNZTSMB\">https:\/\/t.co\/SHtBNZTSMB<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; NCRI-FAC (@iran_policy) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/iran_policy\/status\/2014250369958777230?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">January 22, 2026<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">What Happens After War<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">When conflict subsides, societies do not return to pre-war conditions. They emerge with heightened expectations. In Iran, this is certainly to translate into immediate demands for economic relief, restoration of services, and accountability for losses incurred during the war.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">These expectations will confront a constrained reality. Inflation will not recede quickly, and fiscal limitations will restrict the state\u2019s ability to respond. The gap between what society expects and what the system can deliver is likely to widen sharply.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">War often conceals internal divisions within political systems. Once the external pressure diminishes, those <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/iranian-regime-infighting\/irans-regime-struggles-with-purges-and-panic-after-12-day-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">divisions tend to re-emerge<\/a>. Iran\u2019s political structure is characterized by multiple centers of power, and while wartime conditions may enforce temporary alignment, post-war conditions are likely to reopen competition over authority, resources, and responsibility.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">If senior leadership structures have been weakened, this fragmentation may intensify. In such circumstances, coordination declines, decision-making slows, and the system\u2019s ability to respond to societal demands diminishes further.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Tehran?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Tehran<\/a>\u2019s Leaders Split Over War, Talks, and Morale<a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/6pr5MEasXc\">https:\/\/t.co\/6pr5MEasXc<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/5BT3EsXe6H\">pic.twitter.com\/5BT3EsXe6H<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; NCRI-FAC (@iran_policy) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/iran_policy\/status\/1958627901949018510?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">August 21, 2025<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Conclusion: An Uprising Deferred, Not Prevented<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">When the war ends, restraint lifts\u2014but the grievances return intact, and sharper.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A population battered by inflation, price surges, unpaid wages, and failing services will not accept more delay. Expectations will rise immediately, and people will call for accountability. At the same time, the state will be weaker\u2014financially strained, internally divided, and managing war damage.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">What follows is straightforward: the pause ends, pressure releases, and a broader, more impatient society\u2014already enraged by the bloody suppression of the 2026 uprising\u2014returns to the streets.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Not a reset. A resurgence.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;Four-minute read A Silence Imposed by War Iran today may appear quieter than during previous waves of protests, but this quiet is neither organic nor durable. It is imposed by [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":342715,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[130],"class_list":{"0":"post-343886","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-iran-protests","8":"tag-iran-protests"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Why Iran&#039;s Next Uprising Is Building Beneath the War - NCRI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u00a0Four-minute read A Silence Imposed by War Iran today may appear quieter than during previous waves of protests, but this quiet is neither organic nor\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncr-iran.org\/en\/news\/iran-protests\/why-irans-next-uprising-is-building-beneath-the-war\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Why Iran&#039;s Next Uprising Is Building Beneath the War - 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